A physics-based integrated model of a spark ignition engine and a three-way catalyst

Abstract

This article proposes an integrated model of a spark ignition engine, the exhaust system, and a three-way catalyst. The model can calculate instantaneous fuel consumption, as well as CO, NO, and HC tailpipe emissions under transient driving conditions. Where practical, this model is based on physical principles to improve its portability and reduce the calibration required. The model is calibrated using fully warm, steady state engine maps and the results of a single transient test of the engine and exhaust system. It is then validated over the New European Drive Cycle and cold start Extra Urban Drive Cycle. Tradeoffs between model accuracy and model complexity are then examined by progressi..